oemie electronic

Memristor revolution graphene electronics

Both described the future of electronic devices is the "memristor and graphene." In recent years, the electronic sector as countries both in-depth study of the emergence of the sample confirmed a viable theory, lead to a high degree of importance to the industry. For their function and role in predicting future a lot. Some believe that if the transistor replacement tubes will appear as a "revolution." Today, many domestic academic and research units have been put into research and development. This article is based on some of the information collected on their principles and in the future to do some introduction.

looking for psnk80z  7a176b  ? http://www.oemie.com is a independent distributor for hard to find and obsolete electronic components, more than 300 thousand electronic parts cab be find in our database, get a quote from our web now, we will respouse in 24 hours.

A memristor (Memristor)

1, the principles and the status quo

Memristor is a change in current can be controlled by changing its resistance, non-linear resistor with memory function. Chinese scientists at the University of California, Berkeley 蔡少棠 in 1971, except theoretically predicted the existence of resistors, capacitors and inductors outside of the fourth basic circuit element - memristor.

He had published papers "memristor: missing circuit element" provides an original theoretical framework memristor, suggesting a natural memristor memory ability, even power outages versa. Simply put, the memristor is a nonlinear resistor with memory function. By controlling the current changes its resistance can be changed, if the high resistance is defined as "1", the low resistance is defined as "0", the function of such a resistor can be achieved to store data.

Professor Cai original idea is: the memristor's resistance depends on how much electric charge through this device. That is, in one direction so that the charge flows through the resistors increases; charge if reverse flow so that the resistance is reduced. Briefly, the resistance value of such a device at any one time is a function of time, the number of charge can remember the forward or backward through it. In essence, it is the amount of current through the resistor is changed as and when the current stops, it will stay still until the resistance values​​, until it receives a reverse current will be pushed back.

This simple idea, if proven, computing and computer science will have a profound impact.

Hewlett-Packard Laboratories in 2008 American researchers published in the British "Nature" magazine article claimed that they had confirmed the world's fourth fundamental circuit element - memory resistors, resistor short memories exist, and the successful design and create a physical model of a memristor can work. They like making sandwiches, like a layer of titanium dioxide nano-scale semiconductor film sandwiched between two metal sheets made ​​from platinum. Part of the memristor only 5 nanometers in size, that is, the equivalent of only one ten-thousandth of a human hair.

Chinese scientists 37 years ago, the theoretical prediction come true.

Since then academia proposed a "memristor may replace transistors," this argument. But more still studying its automatic memory capability and status conversion characteristics, artificial intelligence and analog storage.

Scientists noted that only at the nanometer scale, the working status of the memristor can be perceived. They hope this new element is able to manufacture and operation revolutionize the way a computer. Scientists say computers manufactured by memristor circuit will be able to "remember" things previously treated, and after power failure "freeze" this "memory." This will allow the computer can be repeated immediately switch because all components are having to go through the "Import" process will be able to immediately return to the nearest end of the state. Allow scientists to simulate the brain in a way different from writing computer programs, or to simulate some kind of brain function, constructed based memristor bionic brain function hardware. Such computers can do a lot of digital computer is not good at things like pattern recognition, and even learning. For example, this hardware is used facial recognition technology, you can thousands to millions of times faster than running the program on a digital computer.

Researchers predict that this technology five years after the product may be put into commercial applications.

2, the memristor in China

Domestic academia introduce formal occasions memristor around 2010. In the year of Chinese Institute of Electronics, Electronic Components Academic 16th annual meeting, Zhou Ji, Tsinghua University professor of materials introduced memristor.

At present, research is still in the "free exploration" phase, only scattered strength, but also focuses on theoretical and computer simulation. By the study conditions, the real physical implementation is still rare. It is understood that, after four years of study, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, has been able to prepare stable performance nanoscale memristor prototype devices. Recently, the school, led by the United Tsinghua University, Peking University, National Defense Science, Institute of Microelectronics and other units already in the joint declaration of a "973" project, once approved, will begin the development of a memristor "coordinated operations" prelude .

Two graphene (Graphene)

1, the principles and the status quo

Said graphene electronic devices as it is more precise electronic materials.

Graphene is a new material consisting of a single layer of carbon atoms in the sheet structure. Is a planar thin film composed of carbon atoms hexagonal honeycomb lattice was only one carbon atom thick two-dimensional material. Graphene has been considered hypothetical structure, can not alone be stable until 2004, the University of Manchester physicist Andrei Heim and Konstantin Novoselov successfully in the laboratory from graphite isolated graphene and demonstrated that it can stand alone, they also for "groundbreaking experiments in the two-dimensional material graphene" shared the 2010 Nobel Prize in Physics. And also in the nature of graphene production, 2014 in China by a carbonaceous chondrite found carbon nano graphene crystals. Fengyun carbon atoms in China discovered "graphene" makes it possible to see the growth of graphene-based management, is of great significance.

It was found that graphene has excellent features extraordinary. It is the highest intensity substance known to man, but also harder than diamond, iron and steel than the world's best 100 times even higher, according to the strength of graphene large, thin features, graphene can be widely used in various fields, ultralight aircraft materials such as thin, ultra-light body armor, etc.; thermal conductivity as high as it is 5300 W / m · K, higher than the carbon nanotubes and diamond; graphene has unusual electrical properties, low resistivity than lower copper or silver, the resistivity of the earth material minimal, low energy consumption; graphene having excellent light resistance, is almost completely transparent, it is a good conductor, is also suitable for the manufacture of transparent touch screen, light board, or even a solar cell.

Graphene in electronics field has its wider world.

Graphene is a zero band gap semiconductor, with a unique carrier properties and excellent electrical quality. Graphene could become a substitute for silicon. Due to its fast electron transport, and therefore are expected to be used to develop a thinner, smaller, faster generation of the electronic conductive element or transistor, such as the manufacture ultra miniature transistors. At room temperature with 10-times the graphene wafer of the commercial high carrier mobility, and is subject to the influence of temperature and doping effect is small, a large Fermi velocity and low contact resistance of the switching devices can further reduce the time. Ultra-high frequency response characteristics of the operation is a significant advantage of the good graphene-based electronic devices. In addition, nanoscale graphene is reduced to maintain the same electrical properties and good stability, one of the search the electronic device becomes possible.

Another example is the production of electronic devices with graphene future supercomputer can achieve higher speeds. Because of its good electrical conductivity of graphene properties, loss properties, especially for high-frequency circuits. This makes the microelectronics field also has great potential.

2010, Tsinghua University, the first graphene covering the conventional single crystal silicon material, the study found that it has excellent photoelectric conversion performance. Photoelectric conversion efficiency can reach 10%.

2012 physicist organizational networks reported that researchers at the University of Manchester, England, designed a new type of graphene transistors, in which electrons can make use of tunneling and thermionic effect, while crossing the barrier from above and below, and show at room temperature up to 106 of the switching frequency.

June 2011, IBM researchers announced that they have successfully created the first integrated circuit based on graphene - Broadband wireless mixer. When the circuit handling frequencies up to 10 GHz, at temperatures up to 127 degrees Celsius its performance unchanged.

The emergence of graphene in the scientific community sparked huge waves, is expected to spark a revolution in the field of modern electronic technology.

2, in Chinese graphene

Smart Technology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Chongqing Green (referred to Chongqing Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences) has successfully prepared the country's first single-chip 15-inch graphene and successfully transferred in its entirety to the flexible PET substrate and the other surface of the substrate, and by further application , was also prepared graphene 7-inch touch-screen. Such a large size, reaching the highest level, it is or will bring our cell phones, computers and other electronic products, a revolution.

March 2013, Professor Gao Chao Department of Zhejiang University research group polymer prepared a lightweight airgel - Carbon Sponge: carbon nanotubes and graphene common three-dimensional porous material support from numerous pores. It set a record lightest material in the world, 0.16 milligrams per cubic centimeter, the air density is only one sixth. "Carbon sponge" with ultra-high oil absorption capacity. Absorption is about 250 times its own mass up to 900 times.

April 2013, Guizhou new carbon-Tech Co., Ltd. announced the successful development of China's first pure graphene powder products - flexible graphene film cooling. Its cooling effect than conventional copper heat sink material to be 2-4 times higher, but also has good workability.

Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Shenyang National (Joint) Laboratory to design and prepare a flexible fast charge and discharge lithium-ion battery. Charging can be done within six minutes (up to 90% of initial capacity) after 100 cycles at 96% capacity retention rate.

Professor, University of Science and Technology of China Wu Hengan, Dr. Wang Feng Chao and Nobel Laureate in Physics, Professor Andre Anaheim Manchester University, UK research group in graphene materials cooperative research, the latest findings suggest,, graphene oxide films with "Quick precision screening ion "performance, is expected to achieve rapid desalination and purification.

China Standardization Committee officially released graphene Graphene China Standard No. 1, "Graphene materials terminology and definitions," and implement with effect from January 1, 2014. The standard of the main drafter of Chinese Academy of metal, Southeast University, Taizhou graphene research and testing platform, Taizhou giant satisfied that New Energy Co., Ltd. and Institute of Semiconductors.

China has become the world's publications and patents graphene leader in the manufacture of carbon nanotubes may account for its 50% of the world. China has been a global leader in the research and manufacture of carbon nanotubes and graphene.

Third, the outlook

Development of science and technology always follow one from lower to higher, from simple to sophisticated, regular old things by new things instead. Nearly a hundred years the development of electronic technology, confirms this rule. The researchers predicted that the new electronic devices memristor and graphene appear likely to replace semiconductor devices, but now is too early to assert that, because the research is still in progress. Power Electronics Development is also true: to ignite the tube from the magnetic amplifier, and then enter the rectifier, SCR era, now appeared prosperity IGBT / IGCT's. At this point, wide bandgap power devices are entering the climax of R & D, fierce and. Newcomers advantages significantly better than the old product, but there is an old product as well as its market, newcomers can not all alternatives, which is the "law." For example, magnetic amplifiers and ignition tube since there it comes.

Memristor and graphene is also inseparable from this rule. Professor, Department of Microelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, to the water of the Yangtze River scholar Miao said memristor really have to bring a strong change in the microelectronics field ability, but to completely replace the transistor, it seems not very realistic. "Not very realistic" an important reason that the memristor practical application there are many technical problems to be studied.

More and more scientists believe that by 2020, graphene is considered to be the most promising alternative to silicon material, but what kind of components worthy of this great responsibility, scientists are still looking.

To know that people are always new things with great enthusiasm, but not a new thing at night will be able to mature. Early emergence of new things, there is always a lot of problems and shortcomings. For example, graphene is currently only remain in the laboratory stage and graphene fabricated sensors, also showed a poor response picture, multiple problems such as noise. Therefore, Nokia will probably continue to improve and develop the performance of a few years of this graphene photoelectric sensors in recent years.

The emergence of new things to maturity is the need to continue efforts to get the people. Need all the help and support. We believe that our development memristor and graphene in the near future will be successful.