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Messaggi del 06/10/2010
Post n°563 pubblicato il 06 Ottobre 2010 da diegobaratono
Da: "Nasa.gov" NASA Study Sees Earth's Water Cycle Pulse Quickening 10.04.10 Monsoonal rains triggered extensive flooding throughout Pakistan in the summer of 2010, as depicted in this Aug. 18 image from the ASTER instrument on NASA's Terra spacecraft. Scientists predict a speedup in Earth's water cycle will lead to increased precipitation in Earth's tropics, with heavier, more punishing storms. Image credit: NASA/GSFC/METI/ERSDAC/JAROS, and U.S./Japan ASTER Science Team › Full image and caption Freshwater is flowing into Earth's ocean in greater amounts every year, thanks to more frequent and extreme storms related to global warming, according to a first-of-its-kind study by a team of NASA and university researchers. The team, led by Tajdarul Syed of the Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad, India, and formerly with the University of California, Irvine, used NASA and other world-scale satellite observations to track total water volume flowing from the continents into the ocean each month. They found 18 percent more water fed into the world's ocean from rivers and melting polar ice sheets in 2006 than in 1994. The average annual rise was 1.5 percent. "That might not sound like much – 1.5 percent a year – but after a few decades, it's huge," said Jay Famiglietti, UC Irvine Earth system science professor and principal investigator on the study, published this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. He noted that while freshwater is essential to humans and ecosystems, the rain is falling in all the wrong places, for all the wrong reasons. "In general, more water is good," Famiglietti said. "But here's the problem: Not everybody is getting more rainfall, and those who are may not need it. What we're seeing is exactly what the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicted – that precipitation is increasing in the tropics and the Arctic Circle with heavier, more punishing storms. Meanwhile, hundreds of millions of people live in semiarid regions, and those are drying up." Famiglietti said the evaporation and precipitation cycle taught in grade school is accelerating dangerously because of higher temperatures fueled by greenhouse gases. Hotter weather above the ocean causes freshwater to evaporate faster, which leads to thicker clouds unleashing more powerful storms over land. The resulting rainfall then travels via rivers to the sea in ever-larger amounts, and the cycle begins again. "Many scientists and models have suggested that if the water cycle is intensifying because of climate change, then we should be seeing increasing river flow. Unfortunately, there is no global discharge measurement network, so we have not been able to tell," wrote Famiglietti and Syed. Satellite records of sea-level rise, precipitation and evaporation were used to create a unique 13-year record – the longest and first of its kind. The trends the researchers found were all the same: increased evaporation from the ocean that led to increased precipitation on land and more flow back into the ocean. Among the NASA data used in the ongoing study are measurements from the NASA/European Topex/Poseidon and Jason-1 satellite altimeters and the NASA/German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites. The study is funded by NASA and Earth system science fellowships. "As we turn up the thermostat on planet Earth, it's not just higher temperatures we have to think about," said co-author Josh Willis of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. "Long-term changes in rainfall will be a part of climate change too. What we've shown here is that we now have the tools to see global climate change as it occurs – not just the warming, but changes in the hydrological cycle as well." The researchers cautioned that although they had analyzed more than a decade of data, it was still a relatively short time frame. Natural ups and downs that appear in climate data make detecting long-term trends challenging. Further study is needed, they said, and is underway. Other authors of the study include Don Chambers of the University of South Florida, Tampa, Fla.; and Kyle Hilburn of Remote Sensing Systems, Santa Rosa, Calif. For more information, see the UC Irvine news release: http://today.uci.edu/news/2010/10/nr_oceans_101004.php . For more on Topex/Poseidon and Jason-1, visit: http://sealevel.jpl.nasa.gov . For more on GRACE, see: http://www.csr.utexas.edu/grace/ and http://grace.jpl.nasa.gov/ . Alan Buis 818-354-0474
Post n°562 pubblicato il 06 Ottobre 2010 da diegobaratono
"Osservate con quanta previdenza la Natura, madre del genere umano, ebbe cura di spargere ovunque un pizzico di follia. Infuse nell'uomo più passione che ragione perché fosse tutto meno triste, difficile, brutto, insipido, fastidioso ...". Erasmo da Rotterdam
Post n°561 pubblicato il 06 Ottobre 2010 da diegobaratono
"Il vero viaggio di scoperta non consiste nel cercare nuove terre, ma nell'avere occhi nuovi ...". Voltaire
Post n°560 pubblicato il 06 Ottobre 2010 da diegobaratono
Da: "Libero.it" Scoperta in India lingua sconosciuta E' il koro, non scritta ma parlata e solo da circa 800 persone (ANSA) - ROMA, 5 OTT - Scoperta in una regione remota nel Nord Est dell'India una lingua, il koro, sinora del tutto sconosciuta. Si tratta di una lingua non scritta. Ora rischia l'estinzione dal momento che e' parlata solo da circa 800 persone, poche delle quali sotto i 20 anni. Il koro appartiene alla famiglia linguistica tibeto-birmana, che raggruppa circa 400 lingue e dialetti tra cui il tibetano e birmano. La scoperta e' stata fatta da linguisti che hanno partecipato a una spedizione del National Geographic.
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