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« Messaggio #68

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Post N° 69

Post n°69 pubblicato il 01 Novembre 2008 da erda

Tag: catholic, church, day, November, Saints

All Saints' Day

[The vigil of this feast is popularly called "Hallowe'en" or "Halloween".]

Solemnity celebrated on the first of November. It is instituted to
honour all the saints, known and unknown, and, according to Urban IV,
to supply any deficiencies in the faithful's celebration of saints'
feasts during the year.

In the early days the Christians were accustomed to solemnize the
anniversary of a martyr's death for Christ at the place of martyrdom.
In the fourth century, neighbouring dioceses began to interchange
feasts, to transfer relics, to divide them, and to join in a common
feast; as is shown by the invitation of St. Basil of Caesarea (397) to
the bishops of the province of Pontus. Frequently groups of martyrs
suffered on the same day, which naturally led to a joint commemoration.
In the persecution of Diocletian the number of martyrs became so great
that a separate day could not be assigned to each. But the Church,
feeling that every martyr should be venerated, appointed a common day
for all. The first trace of this we find in Antioch on the Sunday after
Pentecost. We also find mention of a common day in a sermon of St.
Ephrem the Syrian (373), and in the 74th homily of St. John Chrysostom
(407). At first only martyrs and St. John the Baptist were honoured by
a special day. Other saints were added gradually, and increased in
number when a regular process of canonization was established; still,
as early as 411 there is in the Chaldean Calendar a "Commemoratio
Confessorum" for the Friday after Easter. In the West Boniface IV, 13
May, 609, or 610, consecrated the Pantheon in Rome to the Blessed
Virgin and all the martyrs, ordering an anniversary. Gregory III
(731-741) consecrated a chapel in the Basilica of St. Peter to all the
saints and fixed the anniversary for 1 November. A basilica of the
Apostles already existed in Rome, and its dedication was annually
remembered on 1 May. Gregory IV (827-844) extended the celebration on 1
November to the entire Church. The vigil seems to have been held as
early as the feast itself. The octave was added by Sixtus IV (1471-84).

Fonte: The Catholic Encyclopedia, vol. I, New York, 1907

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